Itis a great privilege for me to address my fellow members of Torch onthe twentieth anniversary of the founding of the Boca Raton Chapterof Torch International.

Thethrust of my remarks tonight deals with humanity's lifelong quest toabolish WAR: to remove weapons of mass destruction from the face ofthis earth. Warfare and genocide must no longer be an acceptablemeans of conflict resolution! In the past, all efforts by social andpolitical theorists, and by all religious groups, have failed toachieve this goal, and will continue to fail until the worldcommunity can bring itself to accept the concept of a supranationalgovernment based upon law and order and on the principles offederalism.

Inan effort to clarify our understanding of this age-long dilemma, letme begin by stating three propositions that I believe areincontrovertible. First, there is no peace without justice; second,no justice without law; and third, no law without government. Thevery existence of our own government is based upon the concept of ademocratically elected federal government based upon the consent ofthe governed. It is my intention tonight to make a case for a UnitedStates of the World; in short, to raise the idea of federalism to theinternational level.

Thatit will not be easy, is obvious. However, for Clark and Sohn, whohave written extensively on this matter, it is not an unsurmountabletask. The World Federalists are only trying to change therelationships between nations; they are not attempting to changetheir language, culture, or traditions. The challenge today is tofind a system whereby all nations can live together in peace andsecurity. World peace under world law is the answer. Today, ourproblem is to change the mindset of man, and this is difficult. Noone has said it better than Albert Einstein when he said, "The bombchanged everything in the world except the mind of man." AbrahamLincoln expressed a similar sentiment when he said, "'The dogmas ofthe quiet past are no longer adequate to the stormy present; we mustthink anew, we must act anew." In short, we must change things.Federalists insist today that mankind can only survive under a systemof international law and within a Federal form of government; onedesigned like our own United States of America.

Tonight,as I speak to you, all of us in this room accept the rule of law; wehonor it here in Boca Raton, in Palm Beach County, in this State ofFlorida, and in our United States of America. While it is notperfect, it is so structured that it can be altered or modified astime requires. No one here tonight would elect to return to the daysof the vigilantes. Today, one state does not go to war againstanother, but it takes its grievances to our law courts, and there ourconflicts are resolved, and we abide by the courts' decisions.President Truman, upon returning from signing the Charter of theUnited Nations in October of 1945 in San Francisco said, "It will bejust as easy for nations to get along in a republic of The world asit is for you to get along in the Republic of the United States. Now,when Kansas and Colorado have a quarrel over the water in theArkansas River, they don't call out the National Guard and go to warover it. They bring a suit in the Supreme Court of the United Statesand abide by its decisions. There isn't a reason in the world why wecan't do this internationally." This situation was not true in ourcountry in the years from 1776 to 1787 when our thirteen States wereloosely organized in a confederation where each state retained itsabsolute sovereignty and could declare war on its neighbor. Therewere actually two skirmishes between the states of Connecticut andPennsylvania during this period of time. It was only in 1787 that ourfederal form of government was created and our thirteen states becametruly united.

Tonight,I would like you to accompany me as I retrace the past eighty yearsof our country's history and take you back to the the time of WorldWar I. Were time available, I would like to take you further back tothe dawn of civilization, to "Biblical times", or to the past sixthousand years of man's cultural evolution. Prior to that period, manwas nomadic and lived the life of a hunter and gatherer. It was theadvent of agriculture that enabled man to settle down in clans,tribes, villages, cities, states and nations.

Asman formed larger and larger social groups, one phenomenon becameapparent, and that was that warfare had become a part of man'shistory. Looking back, it is apparent that at no time in man'shistory has this globe been free of war. Today, no less than 32 warsare going on simultaneously and all dealing in death. If we were tosolely look at the economic costs of wars past, present, and future,it would add further proof to the fact that man's chief occupationduring these ages has been warfare.

Eightyyears ago, our country was deeply involved in World War I, and ourPresident, Woodrow Wilson, proposed the creation of a "League ofNations" based upon fourteen principles. These dealt with matters ofcooperation among nations and was designed to avert future wars. Itwas a noble idea that unfortunately soon floundered on the reef ofisolationism. Our Senate refused to join the League of Nations andinsisted that we could not be a part of any organization that couldtell us when and where we might have to fight a war. We insisted ongoing at it alone, to be our own policeman and fireman, and that oursovereignty could not be compromised. A sense of global consciousnesshad not developed at that time, and the world is different; we travelat mach speeds, our communication is instantaneous, and withsatellites in the sky, no nation can hide.

"CNN"is virtually everywhere today, and there are few secrets amongnations. Today, we are internationally minded, and we are more apt toaccept the fact that if our neighbor's home is burning, it is ourproblem. After World War I, "reparations" and "disarmament" were theprime subjects for international discussion, and the idea of a unionof nations gradually died. During this time, however, three nationsrearmed: Germany, Italy and Japan, and, ultimately, World War IIerupted. World War I, a war fought to end all Wars, had led directlyto another great war and in the remarkably short period of time ofonly two decades!

Aftertruce was declared at the conclusion of World War II, man began againto think of forming an international organization that might securethe peace for all mankind. At Yalta, Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalinlent their support to such a concept, and the idea of the UnitedNations was born. It was so called because the allied nations hadbeen united against the axis powers. Preliminary plans were drawn upin Dunbarton Oaks in Washington, D.C., in 1944, and a final draft wasagreed upon in San Francisco in June of 1945. The Charter was finallyratified by our country and 51 nations on October 24, 1945, in SanFrancisco.

Today,in 1995, on the 50th anniversary of the United Nations, the world isreassessing the merits of the United Nations, and it is apparent thatthere have been some successes and some failures. On the negativeside have been the major wars in Korea and Vietnam and the many minorconflicts going on all over the world.

Onthe positive side have been the many cease fire operations and peacekeeping activities of the U.N. Of significance also is that themembership has grown three-fold to approximately 170 nations. Today,the U.N. is actively engaged in maintaining peace in over 24 nationsover the globe! We can now ask the question: Is every thing all rightwith the United Nations? Obviously not, and that is the purpose forwhich I am on this podium tonight. These men and women, are workingwith, their own governments to bring about the acceptance of a worldgovernment. In the book, Planethood by Ferenez and Keyes, WinstonChurchill is quoted as follows, "Unless some effective supranationalgovernment can be set up and finally brought into action, theprospects of peace and human progress are dark and doubtful." Today,as I travel, I carry two passports: my U S. passport and my PlanetaryCitizens Passport. It looks exactly like my U.S. passport. Itcontains my photo and there are spaces reserved for it to be stampedby each nation. Of great significance is that it contains thePreamble to the Charter of the United Nations, a magnificentstatement.

Thelate Pope John XXIII in his Encyclical "Paccem en Terris" declaredthat humanity is a family, that all men and women are brothers andsisters, that all wars are civil wars, and that ail killing isfratricidal. With war, we are killing ourselves and our families. Hisapproach to peace was on a purely moral basis. Unfortunately, morethan this is necessary to achieve a peaceful world.

Today,we, World Federalists, are working to enhance the effectiveness ofthe United Nations and would do so by restructuring it. There was atime, however, when we felt a new organization might be required,such as "Parliament of Man", where all the peoples of the worldswould directly effect their representatives to their parliament.However, it seems to make more sense today to build upon what wealready have, and to develop it into an effective world governmentrather than to start anew. As the United Nations exists today,China's and Albania's each having one vote is ridiculous! A SecurityCouncil with a veto, and without such powerful nations as Germany andJapan, is unworkable. The World Court needs to be modified, and anInternational Court of Criminal Justice seems merited. TheInternational Police Force needs to be enlarged and given the forcesnecessary to carry out its job. Harold Stassen, the sole UnitedStates survivor among the framers of the Charter of the UnitedNations, has reminded us that the document in the beginning was neverconsidered a complete or perfect document and that it will have toamended as time passes. He has reminded us also that since itsorigin, the Charter has not been modified in any significant way. Itis very much like expecting a newborn infant to take on the problemsit might confront in the next fifty years without ever being giventhe opportunity to grow up and mature. Recently, I have learned thathe is publishing a book on the structural changes that will berequired to transform the present United Nations into a workablegovernment, and we, Federalists, are all looking forward to hissuggestions and recommendations.

Behindme tonight is a banner showing the picture of our planet taken fromouter space, and one of these banners hangs in every classroom inCanada. They serve to remind the children of Canada that this globeis all they have and that they must make every effort to preserve it.Hubert Humphrey, an ardent world federalist, said, "Forming a worldfederal government is like building a cathedral; it will requiretime."

ThomasJefferson once said, "Rather than curse the darkness of ignorance,let us light a candle, and he who lights a candle from mine does notdetract from my light but adds further illumination." Tonight, Iwould hope many of you would light a candle from mine. Dumas Malone,in a script called The Jeffersonian Heritage, has Thomas Jeffersonspeaking to us at its conclusion: "As I lie here beneath the sod ofmy beloved Virginia these past two hundred years, may I ask you,"What are you doing in your time?" It's his challenge to ourgeneration.

Asyou leave tonight, I should like to present to all of you a copy ofPlanethood by Ferenez and Keyes. In it is contained the vision andthe essence of World Federalism. Our only hope.

Thank you.

Charles E. Jacobson Jr., M.D.